What is topology in 3D modeling digital art?

Topology in 3D modeling digital art refers to how a model’s vertices, edges, and faces (polygons) are arranged and connected to form its structure. It focuses on "polygon flow"—edges that follow the model’s shape—so the model deforms smoothly in animation, is easy to edit, and supports clean texture wrapping (UVs). Good topology uses polygons efficiently: fewer where details aren’t needed, more on curves or moving parts (like a character’s knee). For beginners, practice edge loops (continuous edges along a form) on simple objects (e.g., a sphere for a head) to learn solid topology without extra complexity.