Retopology is the process of creating an optimized, clean-topology mesh while retaining the original 3D model’s shape, necessary when the initial mesh has excessive polygons, uneven edge flow, or is derived from sculpting/scanning. It enhances model performance by restructuring vertices, edges, and faces into a logical layout, making rigging, animation, or rendering more efficient.
Common scenarios requiring retopology include: High-poly sculpts needing optimization for real-time applications (e.g., games, AR/VR); scanned models requiring organized topology for smooth deformation; and models needing logical edge flow to ensure proper rigging and animation movement.
In essence, retopology balances detail retention and practical usability, ensuring 3D models are both visually accurate and functionally efficient.