What is the difference between shaders 3D model and Image-based 3D model?

Shaders 3D models use mathematical algorithms to dynamically calculate surface appearance, while Image-based 3D models rely on pre-captured 2D images/textures for surface details. Shaders adjust in real-time (e.g., light interactions, reflections), making them suitable for dynamic scenarios like games or animations. Image-based models wrap textures around geometry, ideal for realistic static visuals (e.g., product renders, architectural previews). If you need real-time interactivity (e.g., a game character), use shaders; for photo-realistic static objects (e.g., a furniture render), image-based models work well.